Parizvino, kune mhando dzakawanda dzakajairika dze single-component reactive elastic sealants dziri pamusika, kunyanya zvigadzirwa zve silicone ne polyurethane sealant. Mhando dzakasiyana dze elastic sealants dzine musiyano mumapoka adzo anoshanda uye maumbirwo emaketani makuru akacheneswa. Nekuda kweizvozvo, kune zvimwe zvipingamupinyi muzvikamu zvayo zvinoshanda uye minda. Pano, tinozivisa nzira dzekuporesa dzemamwe ma "component one-component reactive elastic sealants" akajairika uye tinoenzanisa zvakanakira nezvakaipa zvemarudzi akasiyana e elastic sealants, kuitira kuti tiwedzere kunzwisisa kwedu uye tisarudze zvakakodzera mumashandisirwo anoshanda.
1. Maitiro ekurapa echisimbiso che elastic sealant chakajairika
Zvinhu zvinozivikanwa zvekuchengetedza elastic zvinosanganisa: silicone (SR), polyurethane (PU), silyl-terminated modified polyurethane (SPU), silyl-terminated polyether (MS), iyo prepolymer ine mapoka akasiyana anoshanda uye nzira dzakasiyana dzekuporesa.
1.1Maitiro ekugadzirisa silicone elastomer sealant
Mufananidzo 1. Maitiro ekugadzirisa silicone sealant
Kana silicone sealants ikashandiswa, prepolymer inosangana nehunyoro hushoma mumhepo uye yobva yaoma kana kupwanyika pasi pechiito checatalyst. Zvibereko zvinobva muzvinhu izvi zvinhu zvidiki zvemamorekuru. Maitiro acho anoratidzwa muMufananidzo 1. Zvichienderana nezvinhu zvidiki zvakasiyana zvemamorekuru zvinoburitswa panguva yekupisa, silicone sealant inogonawo kukamurwa kuva rudzi rwe deacidification, rudzi rwe deketoxime, uye rudzi rwe dealcoholization. Zvakanakira nekushata kwemhando idzi dze silicone glue zvakapfupikiswa muTafura 1.
Tafura 1. Kuenzanisa zvakanakira nekuipira kwemhando dzakasiyana dzezvinonamira zvesilicone
1.2 Maitiro ekugadzirisa elastic sealant yepolyurethane
Imwe-component polyurethane sealant (PU) imhando yepolymer ine repeating urethane segments (-NHCOO-) muketani huru yemorekuru. Nzira yekuporesa ndeyekuti isocyanate inosangana nemvura kuti igadzire unstable intermediate carbamate, iyo inobva yaora nekukurumidza kuti igadzire CO2 neamine, uye ipapo amine inosangana neisocyanate yakawandisa musystem, uye pakupedzisira inogadzira elastomer ine network structure. Fomura yayo yekuporesa ndeiyi inotevera:
Mufananidzo 1. Maitiro ekugadzirisa maitiro e polyurethane sealant
1.3 Maitiro ekugadzirisa silane-modified polyurethane sealant
Mufananidzo 3. Maitiro ekugadzirisa maitiro e silane-modified polyurethane sealant
Tichifunga nezvezvimwe zvikanganiso zve polyurethane sealants, polyurethane yakagadziridzwa ne silane kugadzira manamira, ichigadzira mhando itsva ye sealing namira ine cheni huru ye polyurethane structure uye alkoxysilane end group, inonzi silane-modified polyurethane sealant (SPU). Kugadzirisa kwerudzi urwu rwe sealant kwakafanana nekwe silicone, kureva kuti, mapoka e alkoxy anoita pamwe nehunyoro kuti apfuure ne hydrolysis uye polycondensation kuti agadzire stable Si-O-Si three-dimensional network structure (Mufananidzo 3). Nzvimbo dze network cross-linking uye pakati penzvimbo dze cross-linking pane polyurethane flexible segment structures.
1.4 Maitiro ekugadzirisa masimbi epolyether akapera simba resilyl
Silyl-terminated polyether sealant (MS) imhando imwe chete inonamira inonamira yakavakirwa pakuchinja kwe silane. Inosanganisa zvakanakira zvese polyurethane ne silicone, ichizvarwa chitsva chezvigadzirwa zve adhesive sealant, isina PVC, silicone oil, isocyanate uye solvent. MS adhesive inosangana nehunyoro huri mumhepo patembiricha yemumba, zvekuti silanized polymer ine -Si(OR) KANA -SIR (OR)- structure inonyungudika pamucheto wecheni uye inosanganiswa kuita elastomer ine Si-O-Si network structure kuti iwane sealing and bonding effect. Maitiro ekugadzirisa maitiro ndeaya anotevera:
Mufananidzo 4. Maitiro ekugadzirisa silyl-terminated polyether sealant
2. Kuenzanisa zvakanakira nekuipira kwezvinovhara zvinoitwa nechinhu chimwe chete
2.1 Zvakanakira uye zvakaipa zve silicone sealants
⑴Zvakanakira zve silicone sealant:
① Kudzivirira mamiriro ekunze kwakanaka, kudzivirira okisijeni, kudzivirira ozone uye kudzivirira ultraviolet; ② Kuchinjika kwakanaka pakupisa kwakaderera.
⑵Zvakashata zve silicone sealant:
①Haigadziriswe zvakanaka uye haigone kupendwa; ②Haikwanise kubvaruka zvakanyanya; ③Haikwanise kuramba mafuta zvakakwana; ④Haigoni kubhoorwa; ⑤Chikamu chinonamira chinoburitsa nyore nyore leachate ine mafuta inosvibisa kongiri, matombo nezvimwe zvinhu zvakasununguka.
2.2 Zvakanakira uye Zvakaipira zvePolyurethane Sealants
⑴Zvakanakira zve polyurethane sealant:
① Kunamatira zvakanaka kune akasiyana-siyana ma substrate; ② Kuchinjika kwakanaka pakupisa kwakaderera; ③ Kupfava kwakanaka uye hunhu hwakanaka hwekupora, hwakakodzera majoini anochinja-chinja; ④ Simba guru remuchina, kuramba kupfeka kwakanaka, kuramba mafuta uye kuramba kukwegura kwemuviri; ⑤ Zvivharo zvakawanda zve polyurethane zvinoporesa hunyoro hazvina solvent uye hazvina kusvibiswa kune substrate uye nharaunda; ⑥ Pamusoro pe sealant zvinogona kupendwa uye zviri nyore kushandisa.
⑵Zvakashata zve polyurethane sealant:
① Painogadzikwa munzvimbo ine tembiricha yakakwira uye ine hunyoro hwakanyanya nekumhanya kwakaderera, mabubble anogadzirwa zviri nyore, izvo zvinokanganisa mashandiro e sealant; ② Pakubatanidza nekuvhara zvikamu zve substrates dzisina maburi (senge girazi, simbi, nezvimwewo), primer inowanzo dikanwa; ③ Kudzika kwemavara eruvara kunogona kuchembera neUV, uye kugadzikana kwekuchengetedza kweglue kunokanganiswa zvakanyanya nekurongedza nemamiriro ekunze; ④ Kuramba kupisa uye kuramba kuchembera hazvina kukwana zvishoma.
2.3 Zvakanakira nezvazvakaipira zve silane-modified polyurethane sealants
⑴Zvakanakira zve silane modified polyurethane sealant:
① Kugaya hakuburitse mabhuru; ② Inochinjika zvakanaka, haipindi mvura uye haipindi makemikari; ③ Inodzivirira mamiriro ekunze zvakanyanya, haipindi kupisa, haipindi kukwegura, uye haipindi kuchengetwa kwechigadzirwa; ④ Inokwanisa kuchinjika zvakanyanya kune substrates, kana yakabatana Kazhinji, hapana primer inodiwa; ⑤Pamusoro payo panogona kupendwa.
⑵Zvakashata zve silane modified polyurethane sealant:
① Kudzivirira kweUV hakuna kunaka sekushandiswa kwesilicone sealant; ② Kudzivirira kwekubvaruka kwakashata zvishoma pane kushandiswa kwepolyurethane sealant.
2.4 Zvakanakira nezvazvakaipira zvezvisimbiso zvepolyether zvakapera simba resilyl
⑴Zvakanakira zve polyether sealant yakapera simba:
① Ine hunhu hwakanaka hwekubatanidza kune akawanda ma substrates uye inogona kuita kuti ikwanise kushanda isina primer; ② Inodzivirira kupisa uye inodzivirira kukwegura kweUV kupfuura polyurethane yakajairika; ③ Inogona kupendwa pamusoro payo.
⑵Zvakashata zve polyether sealant yakapera simba:
① Kudzivirira mamiriro ekunze hakuna kunaka sekwe silicone silicone, uye mitswe inoonekwa pamusoro mushure mekukwegura; ② Kunamatira pagirazi kwakashata.
Kuburikidza nesumo iri pamusoro apa, tine kunzwisisa kwekutanga kwenzira dzekuporesa dzemhando dzinoverengeka dzinowanzoshandiswa dze single-component reactive elastic sealants, uye nekuenzanisa zvakanakira nezvakaipa zvadzo, tinogona kuwana kunzwisisa kwakazara kwechigadzirwa chimwe nechimwe. Mukushandiswa kwacho, sealant inogona kusarudzwa zvichienderana nemamiriro chaiwo ekushandiswa kwechikamu chekubatanidza kuti iwane chisimbiso chakanaka kana chisimbiso chechikamu chekushandisa.
Nguva yekutumira: Mbudzi-15-2023