Kunyangwe tichida kugadzira zvinonamira kana kutenga zvinonamira, tinowanzoona kuti mamwe anonamira ane chitupa cheROHS, chitupa cheNFS, pamwe nekugona kwekupisa kwezvinonamira, kufambisa kwekupisa, nezvimwewo, izvi zvinomiririrei? Sangana nazvo ne siway iri pazasi!
Chii chinonzi ROHS?
ROHS chiyero chinosungirwa chakagadzirwa nemutemo weEuropean Union, zita rayo rakazara ndiro Directive on theKurambidzwa kweZvinhu Zvine Ngozi mumidziyo yemagetsi nemidziyo yemagetsi. Muyero uyu uchatanga kushandiswa zviri pamutemo musi wa1 Chikunguru, 2006, uchinyanya kushandiswa kudzora zvinodiwa zvemagetsi nemagetsi, kuitira kuti zvive nyore kuhutano hwevanhu nekuchengetedzwa kwezvakatipoteredza. Chinangwa chemuyero uyu ndechekubvisa lead, mercury, cadmium, hexvalent chromium, polybrominated biphenyls uye polybrominated biphenyl ethers muzvigadzirwa zvemota nemagetsi, uye kutarisa zviri mu lead hazvifanirwe kudarika 1%.
Chii chinonzi NSF? Chii chinonzi FDA? Chii chakasiyana pakati pavo?
1. NSF ipfupiso yeChirungu yeNational Health Foundation yeUnited States, inova sangano risiri rechitatu risingabatsiri. Yakavakirwa pamitemo yenyika yeUnited States, kuburikidza nekugadzirwa kwemitemo, kuyedzwa nekusimbiswa, manejimendi emagwaro ekuongorora zvitupa, dzidzo nekudzidziswa, tsvakiridzo nedzimwe nzira dzekuona nekutarisira zvigadzirwa nematekinoroji ane chekuita nehutano hweveruzhinji nenzvimbo yakakomberedza.
2. Nezve chitupa cheNSF, National Health Foundation (NSF) haisi sangano rehurumende, asi sangano risingabatsiri rinopa rubatsiro. Chinangwa charo ndechekuvandudza hutano hwevanhu. NSF inoumbwa nenyanzvi dzehutano hwevanhu, kusanganisira masangano ehurumende, mayunivhesiti, maindasitiri nemapoka evatengi. Basa rayo rinotarisa pakugadzira nekutarisira zvigadzirwa zvese zvine chekuita nehutsanana, hutano hwevanhu, nezvimwewo. NSF ine rabhoritari yakazara inoedza zvigadzirwa zvese zvakaedzwa kuti zvienderane nemitemo yekuongorora. Vagadziri vese vanozvipira vanopasa kuongororwa kweNSF vanogona kubatanidza label yeNSF pachigadzirwa nemabhuku nezvechigadzirwa kuratidza vimbiso.
3, makambani ane zvitupa zveNSF, kureva makambani eNSF, akadai semidziyo yemumba, mishonga, chikafu, hutano, dzidzo nezvimwewo. Chigadzirwa ichi chine chekuita nechikamu chakafanana. United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA) ndeimwe yemasangano makuru akagadzwa nehurumende yeUnited States mukati meDhipatimendi reHutano neHuman Services (DHHS) neDhipatimendi reHutano hweVanhu (PHS). Sangano rezvitupa zveNSF isangano risingatsvage purofiti repasi rose, rine nhoroondo yemakore makumi mashanu, rinonyanya kuita mabasa ehutano hweveruzhinji nekuchengetedzwa kwehutano uye zvitupa zvechikafu, akawanda emitemo yaro yeindasitiri inoremekedzwa zvakanyanya pasi rose, uye muUnited States inoonekwa seyero. Ndiyo mwero weindasitiri une simba kupfuura chitupa cheFDA cheUS Food and Drug Administration.
Chii chinonzi SGS? Ndeupi hukama huripo pakati peSGS neROHS?
SGS ipfupiso yeSociete Generale de Surveillance SA, inoshandurwa se "General Notary Firm". Yakavambwa muna 1887, parizvino ndiyo kambani huru uye yekare yepasi rose yechitatu-bato rechitatu-bato renyika dzakawanda inoita zvemhando yepamusoro yechigadzirwa uye kuongorora tekinoroji. Ine muzinda wayo muGeneva, ine matavi mazana maviri nemakumi mashanu nerimwe pasi rose. ROHS ndiyo mirairo yeEU, SGS inogona kuyedza chitupa chechigadzirwa uye chitupa chesystem zvichienderana neROHS Directive. Asi kutaura chokwadi, kwete SGS report chete inozivikanwa, kune mamwe masangano ekuyedza-bato rechitatu-bato, akadai seITS nezvimwewo.
Chii chinonzi kupisa kunofambisa magetsi?
Kufambisa kwekupisa kunoreva pasi pemamiriro ekutamisa kupisa akasimba, ukobvu hwe1m, musiyano wekupisa kumativi ese ari maviri pamusoro i1 degree (K,°C), muawa imwe chete, kuburikidza nenzvimbo ye1 square metres yekutamisa kupisa, iyo unit iwatt/meter · degree (W/(m·K), uko K inogona kutsiviwa ne℃).
Kufambiswa kwemafuta nekupisa kunoenderana nechimiro chemuumbirwo, huwandu, hunyoro, tembiricha nezvimwe zvinhu zvechinhu chacho. Zvinhu zvine chimiro chisina chimiro uye hunyoro hushoma zvine hunyoro hushoma. Kana hunyoro netembiricha yechinhu chacho zvakaderera, hunyoro hushoma.
Chii chinonzi RTV?
RTV ipfupiso ye "Room Temperature Vulcanized Silicone Rubber" muchiRungu, inonzi "room temperature vulcanized silicone rubber" kana "room temperature cured silicone rubber", kureva kuti, iyi silicone rabber inogona kurapwa mumamiriro ekunze ekupisa kwemukamuri (synthetic insulators imhando yepamusoro ye vulcanized silicone rabber). RTV antifouling flashover coating yakagamuchirwa nevakawanda nevashandisi vemagetsi nekuda kwekugona kwayo kudzivirira kusvibiswa kwe flashover, isina kugadzirisa uye iri nyore coating, uye yakagadzirwa nekukurumidza.
Chii chinonzi UL? UL ine mamakisi api?
UL ipfupiso yeUnderwriter Laboratories Ins. UL Combustion Grade: Kubvira Kwemoto Iyo UL94 grade ndiyo inonyanya kushandiswa pakupisa zvinhu zvepurasitiki. Inoshandiswa kuongorora kugona kwechinhu kufa mushure mekubatidzwa. Zvichienderana nekumhanya kwekutsva, nguva yekutsva, kuramba kudonha kwemvura uye kana kudonha kuri kutsva kunogona kuva nenzira dzakasiyana dzekuongorora. Makoshero mazhinji anogona kuwanikwa kune chimwe nechimwe chinhu chiri kuyedzwa zvichienderana neruvara kana ukobvu. Kana chinhu chechigadzirwa chasarudzwa, UL grade yacho inofanira kusangana nechikamu chepurasitiki chinodzivisa moto kubva kuHB, V-2, V-1 kusvika kuV-0: HB: giredhi repasi rekudzivirira moto muUL94 standard. Kune sampuli dzine ukobvu hwe3 kusvika 13 mm, mwero wekutsva uri pasi pe40 mm paminiti; Kune sampuli dzine ukobvu hwe3 mm, mwero wekutsva uri pasi pe70 mm paminiti; Kana kudzima pamberi pechiratidzo che100 mm.
V-2: Mushure mekuyedzwa kaviri kwemasekondi gumi pamuenzaniso, murazvo unogona kudzimwa mumasekonzi makumi matanhatu, uye zvimwe zvinobvira zvinogona kudonha.
V-1: Mushure mekuedzwa kaviri kwekutsva kwemasekonzi gumi pamuenzaniso, murazvo unogona kudzimwa mumasekonzi makumi matanhatu, uye hapana zvinobvira zvinogona kudonha.
V-0: Mushure mekuyedzwa kaviri kwekutsva kwemasekonzi gumi pamuenzaniso, murazvo unogona kudzimwa mumasekonzi makumi matatu, uye hapana zvinobvira zvinogona kudonha.
Aya ndiwo mapoinzi anozivikanwa nevanhu vakawanda nezve manamatisi anogovaniswa neSiway, Shanghai Siway Building Materials Co., Limited yakavambwa muna 1984, Parizvino, ine ISO9001:2015 international quality system certification uye ISO14001 Environmental System Management Certification nezvimwe zvitupa.
Nguva yekutumira: Ndira-10-2024